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Flora of Bangladesh

Bangladesh is a rich land of biodiversity. About 6000 species of plants are gathered in such a small area of 147570 sq km. I am trying to introduce the flora of Bangladesh in a pack from the naturalist view, not from the eye of plant-expert. For this, there will be some unwanted mistakes. Needless to say, pics used in this site are all original and snapped by me. The information are gathered here from the personal notes, collected books and from different websites.

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Herbs available @ floraofbangladesh.com

01. Danda-kolosh, Leucas indica
02. Potpoti, Ruellia tuberosa
03. Bon-tepari, Physalis angulata
04. Bhat, Ghetu, Clerodendrum viscosum
05. Kakmachi, Solanum nigrum
06. Dhutra, Dhatura, Datura metel
07. Katabegun or Jongli tomato, Sticky nightshade, Solanum sisymbriifolium
08. Til, Sesamum indicum
09. Punarnava, Boerhavia diffusa
10. Hatishura, Indian heliotrope, Heliotropium indicum
11. Holud hurhuri, Cleome viscosa
12. Choto hurhuri, Cleome rutidosperma
13. Bokkon, Fog fruit, Phyla nodiflora
14. Nunia, Common purslane, Portulaca oleracea
15. Bishkatali, Pale persicary, Persicaria lapathifolia
16. Sotthi, zedoary, Curcuma zedoaria
17. Muktajhuri, Indian acalypha, Acalypha indica
18. Dhaira, Loranthus globosus
19. Lojjaboti, Touch me not, Mimosa pudica
20. Kanchira, Bengal dayflower, Commelina benghalensis
21. Kaash, Saccharum spontaneum

22. Bon tamak or Wild tobacco, Nicotiana plumbaginifolia

23. Keteli or Creeping thistle, Cricus arvensis

24. Roktodron or Red verticilla, Leonurus sibiricus

25. Kalmegh or Green chirayta, Andrographis paniculata

26. Boro cahdor or Boro chondrika, Rauvolfia tetraphylla

27. Ghaghra or Bon okra, Xanthium strumarium

28. Allugash, Mantisia radicalis

29. Relandi or Cinderella weed, Synedrella nodiflora

30. Kulekhara or Talmakhna, Hygrophila auriculata

31. Tridhara or Coatbuttons, Tridax procumbens

32. Bon-moricha, Pigeon berry, Rivina humilis

33. Nilkanthi or Blue Snakeweed, Stachytarpheta urticifolia

34. Kachchhara or Ceylon hydrolea, Hydrolea zeylanica

35. Braziler Paat or Brazil jute, Malachra capitata

36. Shorpogondha or Black snakeroot, Rauvolfia serpentina

37. Mushok-dana or Musk-mallow, Abelmoschus moschatus

38. Amrul or Indian Sorrel, Oxalis corniculata

39. Apang or Prickly chafflower, Achyranthes aspera

40. Lungichor or Running Mountain Grass, Oplismenus compositus

41. Ashwagandha or Winter cherry, Withania somnifera

42. Kanta notey or Prickly amaranth, Amaranthus spinosus

43. Chinigura or Sweet broomweed, Scoparia dulcis

44. Durba-ghash or Bermuda grass, Cynodon dactylon

45. Shachi or Sessile joyweed, Alternanthera sessilis

46. Kalokeshi or False daisy, Eclipta prostrata

47. Chakunda or Sickle senna, Senna tora

48. Boro kolkashundey or Western senna, Senna occidentalis

49. Gima-shak or Pot-biroot, Glinus oppositifolius

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Maloncho or Alligator weed, Alternanthera philoxeroides

Maloncho or Alligator weed (A lternanthera philoxeroides , Amaranthaceae) is an aquatic or semi-aquatic perennial herb rooting at nodes. Stem is juicy, slender and hollow. So the plant can easily float on the water. Other names: Heycha, Hechi-shak, Burma-shak, Bormi-shak. Though the floating plant is found everywhere in Bangladesh, surprisingly it is native to Brazil. In the far past it has been introduced to the subcontinent and Southeast Asia. Flowers are very small, white, on head inflorescence, petals 5. Peduncle is very long. Leaves are green, slightly serrated, linear, elliptic-lanceolate, 3-8 cm long, opposite, acute at the end. Fruit an utricle, ovoid-orbicular or obcordate. Seed is inverse, lenticular, single-seeded. Flowering occurs in the rainy season. Propagation is caused by cutting or seeds. It grows in damp places, near pond and canal etc. Leaves are eaten as vegetables. It is energizing, emollient and reputed ...

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Mohammad Ali: Dhaka, DSCC, Bangladesh

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Guloncho, Heart-leaved moonseed, Tinospora cordifolia

Guloncho or Heart-leaved moonseed ( Tinospora cordifolia , family: Menispermaceae) is a deciduous creeper with hard and long stem, climbing other trees or fences. Bark on the stem is as thin as paper. Aerial roots come out of the stem when the plant grows older. The plant is found everywhere in Bangladesh except southern part. It is also native to South and Southeast Asia. Common names: Heart-leaved moonseed, Guduchi, Giloy, Guloncho, Guroncho, Padma guloncho. Leaves are simple, green, alternate, cordate, 6-15 cm long and 5-13 cm wide. Inflorescence, growing from the axil of leaflet branches, bears yellow flowers. Male and female flowers bloom separately. Sepals 6, arranged in two rows, petal 6, pistils 3. Fruit is a drupe, brilliant red when ripe. This attractive fruit is inedible to human. ...

Makal or Mahakal, Trichosanthes tricuspidata

Makal or Mahakal ( Trichosanthes tricuspidata , family: Cucurbitaceae) is a woody climber with tendril and branches, attaining a height of 10-12 m. The multiangular-branched plant climbs up very far by holding any tree in the forest. It is found in the hilly areas as well as plain forests and village thickets in Bangladesh. It is also found in Indian subcontinent, Australia and some countries of South and Southeast Asia. According to ancient Sanskrit scriptures the other names of the plant are Bishala, Mohendro-baruni. In the Himalayas it has been seen at an altitude of 5000 feet. There are many refferences to the fruit in Bangla and Sanskrit literature. Someone is very nice to look at but he/she is useless--writers usually jokingly give examples of this fruit. Its roots and attractive fruits are packed with medicinal properties. The size and shape of leaves may vary. These are multilobed or trilobed, alternate, rough in both sides, 5-12 cm long,...

Kulekhara or Talmakhna, Hygrophila auriculata

Kulekhara or Talmakhna ( Hygrophila auriculata , family: Acanthaceae) is a stout and erect herb with straight and undivided stem. The spiny plant is very popular as a medicinal plant in Bangladesh as well as the Indian subcontinent. Other names: Kulekkha, Kuiley-rekha, Kanta kalika, Shoolmordon. Leaves are lanceolate, subsessile, acute at both ends with long whitish hairs, dense with straight and stout thorns that grow from each node. Outer leaves are longer than the inner ones. Both leaves and thorns remain in upward direction. Flowers in axillary whorls. They are bright violet or bluish purple and red, sometimes whitish with soft and minor hair, corolla 2-lipped. Flower blooms in the winter. Fruit a capsule, 4-8-seeded. Seeds are ovoid (not in the pic). The body of the plant contains alkaloids, phytosterols, stigmasterol, lupeol and essential oils. Its seeds contain oil, enzymes and sterols. The plant is cooling and diuretic...